WCAG Success Criteria Reference
Complete reference for all WCAG 2.1 and 2.2 success criteria. Each criterion is grouped by principle and guideline — click any criterion to see its full description, techniques, and how to test.
1. Perceivable
Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive.
1.1Text Alternatives
1.2Time-based Media
1.2.1For prerecorded audio-only and prerecorded video-only media, an alternative is provided that presents equivalent info...
1.2.2Captions are provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media, except when the media is a media alter...
1.2.3An alternative for time-based media or audio description of the prerecorded video content is provided for synchronize...
1.2.4Captions are provided for all live audio content in synchronized media.
1.2.5Audio description is provided for all prerecorded video content in synchronized media.
1.2.6Sign language interpretation is provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media.
1.2.7Where pauses in foreground audio are insufficient to allow audio descriptions to convey the sense of the video, exten...
1.2.8An alternative for time-based media is provided for all prerecorded synchronized media and for all prerecorded video-...
1.2.9An alternative for time-based media that presents equivalent information for live audio-only content is provided.
1.3Adaptable
1.3.1Information, structure, and relationships conveyed through presentation can be programmatically determined or are ava...
1.3.2If the sequence in which content is presented affects its meaning, a correct reading sequence can be programmatically...
1.3.3Instructions provided for understanding and operating content do not rely solely on sensory characteristics of compon...
1.3.4Content does not restrict its view and operation to a single display orientation, such as portrait or landscape, unle...
1.3.5The purpose of each input field collecting information about the user can be programmatically determined when the fie...
1.3.6In content implemented using markup languages, the purpose of user interface components, icons, and regions can be pr...
1.4Distinguishable
1.4.1Color is not used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or d...
1.4.2If any audio on a Web page plays automatically for more than 3 seconds, either a mechanism is available to pause or s...
1.4.3The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1, except for large text, inc...
1.4.4Except for captions and images of text, text can be resized without assistive technology up to 200 percent without lo...
1.4.5If the technologies being used can achieve the visual presentation, text is used to convey information rather than im...
1.4.6The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 7:1, except for large text, incid...
1.4.7For prerecorded audio-only content that contains primarily speech in the foreground, is not an audio CAPTCHA or audio...
1.4.8For the visual presentation of blocks of text, a mechanism is available to achieve: foreground and background colors ...
1.4.9Images of text are only used for pure decoration or where a particular presentation of text is essential to the infor...
1.4.10Content can be presented without loss of information or functionality, and without requiring scrolling in two dimensi...
1.4.11The visual presentation of user interface components and graphical objects has a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 again...
1.4.12No loss of content or functionality occurs when the following text spacing properties are overridden: line height, le...
1.4.13Where receiving and then removing pointer hover or keyboard focus triggers additional content to become visible and t...
2. Operable
User interface components and navigation must be operable.
2.1Keyboard Accessible
2.1.1All functionality of the content is operable through a keyboard interface without requiring specific timings for indi...
2.1.2If keyboard focus can be moved to a component of the page using a keyboard interface, then focus can be moved away fr...
2.1.3All functionality of the content is operable through a keyboard interface without requiring specific timings for indi...
2.1.4If a keyboard shortcut is implemented in content using only letter, punctuation, number, or symbol characters, then a...
2.2Enough Time
2.2.1For each time limit that is set by the content, the user is able to turn off, adjust, or extend the time limit, excep...
2.2.2For moving, blinking, scrolling, or auto-updating information, a mechanism is available for the user to pause, stop, ...
2.2.3Timing is not an essential part of the event or activity presented by the content, except for non-interactive synchro...
2.2.4Interruptions can be postponed or suppressed by the user, except interruptions involving an emergency.
2.2.5When an authenticated session expires, the user can continue the activity without loss of data after re-authenticating.
2.2.6Users are warned of the duration of any user inactivity that could cause data loss, unless the data is preserved for ...
2.3Seizures and Physical Reactions
2.3.1Web pages do not contain anything that flashes more than three times in any one second period, or the flash is below ...
2.3.2Web pages do not contain anything that flashes more than three times in any one second period.
2.3.3Motion animation triggered by interaction can be disabled, unless the animation is essential to the functionality or ...
2.4Navigable
2.4.1A mechanism is available to bypass blocks of content that are repeated on multiple Web pages.
2.4.2Web pages have titles that describe topic or purpose.
2.4.3If a Web page can be navigated sequentially and the navigation sequences affect meaning or operation, focusable compo...
2.4.4The purpose of each link can be determined from the link text alone, or from the link text together with its programm...
2.4.5More than one way is available to locate a Web page within a set of Web pages, except where the Web Page is the resul...
2.4.6Headings and labels describe topic or purpose.
2.4.7Any keyboard operable user interface has a mode of operation where the keyboard focus indicator is visible.
2.4.8Information about the user's location within a set of Web pages is available.
2.4.9A mechanism is available to allow the purpose of each link to be identified from link text alone, except where the pu...
2.4.10Section headings are used to organize the content.
2.4.11When a user interface component receives keyboard focus, the component is not entirely hidden due to author-created c...
2.4.12When a user interface component receives keyboard focus, no part of the component is hidden due to author-created con...
2.4.13When the keyboard focus indicator is visible, an area of the focus indicator meets minimum size and contrast requirem...
2.5Input Modalities
2.5.1All functionality that uses multipoint or path-based gestures for operation can be operated with a single pointer wit...
2.5.2For functionality that can be operated using a single pointer, at least one of the following is true: no down-event, ...
2.5.3For user interface components with labels that include text or images of text, the name contains the text that is pre...
2.5.4Functionality that can be operated by device motion or user motion can also be operated by user interface components,...
2.5.5The size of the target for pointer inputs is at least 44 by 44 CSS pixels, except for inline targets, equivalent targ...
2.5.6Web content does not restrict use of input modalities available on a platform except where the restriction is essenti...
3. Understandable
Information and the operation of user interface must be understandable.
3.1Readable
3.1.1The default human language of each Web page can be programmatically determined.
3.1.2The human language of each passage or phrase in the content can be programmatically determined except for proper name...
3.1.3A mechanism is available for identifying specific definitions of words or phrases used in an unusual or restricted wa...
3.1.4A mechanism for identifying the expanded form or meaning of abbreviations is available.
3.1.5When text requires reading ability more advanced than the lower secondary education level after removal of proper nam...
3.1.6A mechanism is available for identifying specific pronunciation of words where meaning of the words, in context, is a...
3.2Predictable
3.2.1If any component receives focus, it does not initiate a change of context.
3.2.2Changing the setting of any user interface component does not automatically cause a change of context unless the user...
3.2.3Navigational mechanisms that are repeated on multiple Web pages within a set of Web pages occur in the same relative ...
3.2.4Components that have the same functionality within a set of Web pages are identified consistently.
3.2.5Changes of context are initiated only by user request or a mechanism is available to turn off such changes.
3.2.6If a Web page provides any of the following help mechanisms, and those mechanisms are repeated on multiple Web pages ...
3.3Input Assistance
3.3.1If an input error is automatically detected, the item that is in error is identified and the error is described to th...
3.3.2Labels or instructions are provided when content requires user input.
3.3.3If an input error is automatically detected and suggestions for correction are known, then the suggestion is provided...
3.3.4For Web pages that cause legal commitments or financial transactions for the user to occur, that modify or delete use...
3.3.5Context-sensitive help is available.
3.3.6For Web pages that require the user to submit information, at least one of the following is true: reversible, checked...
3.3.7Information previously entered by or provided to the user that is required to be entered again in the same process is...
3.3.8A cognitive function test, such as remembering a password or solving a puzzle, is not required for any step in an aut...
3.3.9A cognitive function test is not required for any step in an authentication process unless that step provides at leas...
4. Robust
Content must be robust enough to be interpreted by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies.
4.1Compatible
4.1.1In content implemented using markup languages, elements have complete start and end tags, elements are nested accordi...
4.1.2For all user interface components, the name and role can be programmatically determined; states, properties, and valu...
4.1.3In content implemented using markup languages, status messages can be programmatically determined through role or pro...
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